Ventilation Calculator

Zone outdoor air by the ASHRAE 62.1 Ventilation Rate Procedure — breathing-zone and zone outdoor airflow.

Zone Inputs
ASHRAE 62.1 Results
People Component (Rp × P)
—
CFM
Area Component (Ra × A)
—
CFM
Vbz — Breathing Zone OA
—
CFM
Voz — Zone OA Required
—
CFM (Vbz / Ez)
OA per Person
—
CFM / person
OA per SF
—
CFM / ft²
ASHRAE 62.1-2019 Table 6-1 — Rates Used by This Tool
Space Type (Table 6-1 row)Rp (CFM/person)Ra (CFM/ft²)
Office space50.06
Reception areas / main entry lobbies (office)50.06
Conference / meeting50.06
Classrooms (ages 5–8 and age 9 plus)100.12
Lecture classroom7.50.06
Hotel lobbies / prefunction7.50.06
Corridors—0.06
Breakrooms (office buildings)50.12
Restaurant dining rooms7.50.18
Retail sales7.50.12
Gym, sports arena (play area)200.18
Health club — aerobics room / weight room200.06
Hotel bedroom / living room50.06
Computer (not printing)50.06
Science / university laboratories100.18

Rates are for standard air (0.075 lb/ft³). Table 6-1 also lists a default occupant density for each row — use it for Pz when the design occupancy is not known. Healthcare spaces (patient, exam, and operating rooms) are typically designed to ASHRAE 170, which has no rows in this table.

Inputs, results, and method — as an Excel workbook or plain CSV.

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About This Calculator

This ventilation calculator applies the zone calculations of the ASHRAE 62.1-2019 Ventilation Rate Procedure to find the outdoor air a space requires. Choose a space type to auto-fill the Table 6-1 people rate (Rp) and area rate (Ra), enter floor area, occupancy, and the zone air distribution effectiveness (Ez), and the tool returns the breathing-zone outdoor airflow (Vbz) and the zone outdoor airflow required at the supply (Voz).

It also reports outdoor air per person and per square foot so you can benchmark a design against typical values. This single-zone method sizes one zone; combining zones into a system intake uses the multiple-zone procedure and the system ventilation efficiency Ev.

Formula & Method
Breathing zone OAVbz = Rp · Pz + Ra · Az
Zone OA requiredVoz = Vbz ÷ Ez
People componentRp · Pz  (CFM/person × people)
Area componentRa · Az  (CFM/ft² × ft²)

This follows the zone calculations of ASHRAE 62.1-2019 §6.2.2. Rp and Ra come from Table 6-1 (Table 6.2.2.1 in the 2016 edition) by space type; Pz is the zone population and Az is the zone floor area. The zone air distribution effectiveness Ez (§6.2.2.2) reflects how well supply air reaches the breathing zone: 1.0 for ceiling supply of cool air, 1.2 only for displacement or low-velocity underfloor supply, 0.8 for ceiling supply of warm air 15 °F or more above space with a ceiling return, and 0.7 for floor supply of warm air with a ceiling return. Warm ceiling supply less than 15 °F above space with a ceiling return is 1.0 only if the 150 fpm jet reaches within 4.5 ft of the floor; otherwise use 0.8. For a single-zone system the outdoor air intake equals Voz; multiple-zone recirculating systems also need the system ventilation efficiency Ev, which this tool does not compute.

Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between Vbz and Voz?
Vbz is the breathing-zone outdoor airflow, the raw ventilation a zone needs, computed as Rp times the number of people plus Ra times the floor area. Voz is the zone outdoor airflow actually required at the supply, equal to Vbz divided by the zone air distribution effectiveness Ez. When Ez is less than 1, Voz is larger than Vbz because the air distribution is less effective at delivering outdoor air to the occupants.
What are Rp and Ra in ASHRAE 62.1?
Rp is the people outdoor air rate in CFM per person, covering contaminants generated by occupants, and Ra is the area outdoor air rate in CFM per square foot, covering off-gassing from the building and furnishings. Both come from ASHRAE 62.1-2019 Table 6-1 (numbered Table 6.2.2.1 in the 2016 edition) and depend on space type. For office space, Rp is 5 CFM per person and Ra is 0.06 CFM per square foot; a gym or sports arena play area is 20 CFM per person and 0.18 CFM per square foot.
What is the zone air distribution effectiveness Ez?
Ez describes how effectively supply air reaches the breathing zone. Ceiling supply of cool air is 1.0 regardless of return location. Displacement ventilation or low-velocity underfloor supply of cool air can reach 1.2. Warm air supplied at the ceiling 15 degrees F or more above space temperature with a ceiling return drops to 0.8, and warm air supplied at the floor with a ceiling return drops to 0.7. A lower Ez means a higher required zone outdoor airflow Voz for the same breathing-zone need.
Does this tool compute the full multi-zone system outdoor air?
No. This calculator applies the zone calculations of ASHRAE 62.1 section 6.2.2 to find Vbz and Voz for one zone; for a single-zone system the outdoor air intake equals Voz. The full multiple-zone recirculating system procedure, which combines zones, accounts for the critical zone, and derives the system ventilation efficiency Ev to size the air handler intake, is handled in the complete AIM Works workflow.
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Results are design estimates for preliminary sizing. Verify final designs against applicable codes and standards — engineering judgment and a licensed professional engineer’s review are required.